{"id":1082,"date":"2022-10-11T16:46:50","date_gmt":"2022-10-11T16:46:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/projectsofar.info\/filecointldrblog\/?p=1082"},"modified":"2024-02-26T18:21:22","modified_gmt":"2024-02-26T18:21:22","slug":"state-and-direction-of-filecoin-summarized","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.filecointldr.io\/en\/article\/state-and-direction-of-filecoin-summarized\/","title":{"rendered":"State and Direction of Filecoin, Summarized."},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"fe97\" class=\"ml mm fr be mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Overview<\/h1>\n<p id=\"42b5\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">There is an overwhelming amount of work going on in the Filecoin ecosystem, and it can be difficult to see how all the pieces fit together. In this blog post, I\u2019m going to explain the structure of Filecoin and various components of the roadmap to hopefully simplify navigating the ecosystem. This blog is organized into the following sections:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"b27f\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">What is Filecoin?<\/li>\n<li id=\"79b3\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Diving into the Major Components<\/li>\n<li id=\"9ec6\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Final Thoughts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"2f3f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This post is intended to be a primer on the major goings-on in Filecoin land; it is by no means exhaustive of everything happening! Hopefully, this post serves as a useful anchor and the embedded links are jumping-off points for the intrepid reader.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"4660\" class=\"ml mm fr be mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">What is Filecoin?<\/h1>\n<p id=\"896c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">My short answer: Filecoin is enabling\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/l44z35vabvA?t=844\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"><em class=\"oy\">open services<\/em><\/a><em class=\"oy\">\u00a0<\/em>for data, built on top of the IPFS protocol.<\/p>\n<p id=\"abcc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">IPFS allows data to be uncoupled from specific servers \u2014reducing the siloing of data to specific machines. In IPFS land, the goal is to allow permanent references to data \u2014 and do things like compute, storage, and transfer \u2014 without relying on specific devices, cloud providers, or storage networks. Why content addressing is super powerful and what CIDs unlock is a separate topic \u2014 worthy of its own blog post \u2014 that I won\u2019t get into here.<\/p>\n<p id=\"f1c1\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Filecoin is an incentivized network on top of IPFS \u2014 in that it allows you to contract out services around data on an open market.<\/p>\n<p id=\"e8cf\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Today, Filecoin focuses primarily on storage as an open service\u2014 but the vision includes the infrastructure to store, distribute, and transform data. Looking at Filecoin through this lens, the path the project is pursuing and the bets\/tradeoffs that are being taken become clearer.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5d7b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">It\u2019s easier to bucket Filecoin into a few major components:<\/p>\n<figure class=\"pa pb pc pd pe me lw lx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"mf mg ee mh bg mi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<div class=\"lw lx oz\"><picture><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c lazyload\" role=\"presentation\" data-src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"546\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 700px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 700\/546;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*GQsIW84JcvUrwYn2uqW4Ew.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"546\" \/><\/noscript><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"pf pg ph lw lx pi pj be b bf z dw\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">There are 3 core pillars of Filecoin, enabled by 2 critical protocol upgrades<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"b09b\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Storage Market(s):\u00a0<em class=\"oy\">Exists today (cold storage), improvements in progress.<\/em><\/li>\n<li id=\"62db\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Retrieval Market(s):\u00a0<em class=\"oy\">In progress<\/em><\/li>\n<li id=\"6635\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Compute over Data (Off-chain Compute):\u00a0<em class=\"oy\">In progress<\/em><\/li>\n<li id=\"c4cd\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">FVM (Programmable Applications):\u00a0<em class=\"oy\">In progress<\/em><\/li>\n<li id=\"c9e0\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Interplanetary Consensus (Scaling):\u00a0<em class=\"oy\">In progress<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 id=\"b119\" class=\"ml mm fr be mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Diving into the Major Components<\/h1>\n<h2 id=\"fb9b\" class=\"pk mm fr be mn pl pm pn mr po pp pq mv nu pr ps pt ny pu pv pw oc px py pz qa bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><strong class=\"al\">Storage Market(s)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p id=\"d5bc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Storage is the bread and butter of the Filecoin economy. Filecoin\u2019s storage network is an open market of storage providers \u2014 all offering capacity on which storage clients can bid. To date, there are 4000+ storage providers around the world offering 17EiB (and growing) of storage capacity.<\/p>\n<p id=\"0a04\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Filecoin is unique in that it uses two types of proofs\u00a0(both related to storage space and data) for its consensus: Proof-of-replication (PoRep) and Proof-of-Spacetime (PoST).<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"5abb\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">PoRep allows a miner to prove both that they\u2019ve allocated some amount of storage space AND that there is a unique encoding of some data (could be empty space, could be a user\u2019s data) into that storage space. This proves that a specific replica of data is being stored on the network.<\/li>\n<li id=\"84f4\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">PoST allows a miner to prove to the network that data from sets of storage space are indeed still intact (the entire network is checked every 24 hrs). This proves that said data is being stored (space) over time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"bb69\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">These proofs are tied to economic incentives to reward miners who reliably store data (block rewards) and severely penalize those who lose data (slashing). One can think of these incentives like a cryptographically enforced\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/compute\/sla\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">service-level agreement<\/a>, except rather than relying on the reputation of a service provider \u2014 we use cryptography and protocols to ensure proper operation.<\/p>\n<p id=\"386b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">In summary, the Filecoin blockchain is a verifiable ledger of attestations about what is happening to data and storage space on the network.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"9c10\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A few features of the architecture that make this unique:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"32af\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The Filecoin Storage Network (total storage capacity) is 17EiB of data \u2014 yet the Filecoin\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">blockchain<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0is still\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">verifiable<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0on commodity hardware at home. This gives the Filecoin blockchain properties similar to that of an Ethereum or a Bitcoin, but with the ability to manage internet-scale capacity for the services anchoring into the blockchain.<\/li>\n<li id=\"7111\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This ability is uniquely enabled by the fact that Filecoin uses\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/research.protocol.ai\/sites\/snarks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">SNARKs<\/a>\u00a0for its proofs \u2014 rather than storing data on-chain.\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">In the same way zk-rollups can use proofs to assert the validity of some batched transactions, Filecoin\u2019s proofs can be used to verify the integrity of data off-chain.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li id=\"ea75\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Filecoin is able to repurpose the \u201cwork\u201d that storage providers would normally do to secure our chain via consensus to also store data. As a result, storage users on the network are\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">subsidized by block rewards and other fees<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(e.g. transaction fees for sending messages) on the network. The net result is Filecoin\u2019s storage price is super cheap (best represented in\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/file.app\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">scientific notation per TiB\/year<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li id=\"c012\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Filecoin gets regular \u201cchecks\u201d via our proofs about data integrity on the network (the entire network is checked 24 hrs!). These\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">verifiable<\/em><\/strong> statements are important primitives that can lead to unique applications and programs being built on Filecoin itself.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"c727\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">While this architecture has many advantages (scalability! verifiability!), it comes at the cost of additional complexity \u2014 the storage providing process is more involved and writing data into the network can take time. This complexity makes Filecoin (as it is today) best suited for cold storage. Many folks using Filecoin today are likely doing so through a developer on-ramp (Estuary.tech, NFT.Storage, Web3.Storage, Chainsafe\u2019s SDKs, Textile\u2019s Bidbot, etc) which couples hot caching in IPFS with cold archival in Filecoin. For those using just Filecoin alone, they\u2019re typically storing large scale archives.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5e6f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">However, as improvements land both to the storage providing process and the proofs, expect more hot storage use cases to be enabled. Some major advancements to keep an eye on:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"8a59\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u2705<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/lotus.filecoin.io\/storage-providers\/operate\/snap-deals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">\u00a0SnapDeals<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 coupled with the below, storage providers can turn the mining process into a pipeline, injecting data into existing capacity on the network to dramatically lessen time to data landing on-chain.<\/li>\n<li id=\"d5bb\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\ud83d\udd04<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/filecoin-project\/lotus\/discussions\/9079\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">\u00a0Sealing-as-a-service<\/a>\u00a0\/ SNARKs-as-a-service \u2014 allowing storage providers to focus on data storage and outsource expensive computations to a market of specialized providers.<\/li>\n<li id=\"4ad3\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\ud83d\udd04 Proofs optimizations \u2014 tuning hardware to optimize for the generation of Filecoin proofs.<\/li>\n<li id=\"19a6\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\ud83d\udd04 More efficient cryptographic primitives \u2014 reducing the footprint or complexity of proof generation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"e786\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><em class=\"oy\">Note: All of this is separate from the \u201cread\u201d flow \u2014 which techniques for faster reads exist today via unsealed copies. However, for Filecoin to get to web2 latency we will need Retrieval Market(s), discussed in the next section.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"256f\" class=\"pk mm fr be mn pl pm pn mr po pp pq mv nu pr ps pt ny pu pv pw oc px py pz qa bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><strong class=\"al\">Retrieval Market(s)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p id=\"aaf5\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The thesis with retrieval markets is straightforward: at scale, caching data at the edge via an open market can solve for the\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ogOEEKWxevo&amp;t=1005s&amp;ab_channel=ElixirConf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">speed of light problem\u00a0<\/a>and result in performant delivery at lower costs than traditional infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p id=\"9c34\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Why might this be the case? The argument is as follows:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"f46a\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The magic of content addressing (using fingerprints of content as the canonical reference) means data is\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">verifiable<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li id=\"c885\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This maps neatly to building a permissionless CDN \u2014 meaning anyone can supply infrastructure and serve content \u2014 as end users can always\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">verify<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0that the content they receive back is the content they requested (even from an untrusted computer).<\/li>\n<li id=\"7011\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">If anyone can supply infrastructure into this permissionless network, a CDN can be created from a market of edge-caching nodes (rather than centrally planning where to put these nodes) and use incentive mechanisms to bootstrap hardware \u2014 leading to the optimal tradeoff on performance and cost.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"c192\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The way retrieval markets are being designed on Filecoin, the aim is not to mandate a specific network to be used \u2014 rather to let an ecosystem evolve (e.g. Magmo, Ken Labs, Myel, Filecoin Saturn, and more) to solve the components involved with building a retrieval market.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"pa pb pc pd pe me lw lx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"mf mg ee mh bg mi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<div class=\"lw lx qb\"><picture><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c lazyload\" role=\"presentation\" data-src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"298\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 700px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 700\/298;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*J0WXTTWPI4lYNpSHt10x6w.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"298\" \/><\/noscript><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figcaption class=\"pf pg ph lw lx pi pj be b bf z dw\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Source:\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=acqTSORhdoE&amp;ab_channel=Filecoin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=acqTSORhdoE&amp;ab_channel=Filecoin<\/a>\u00a0(From April \u201822)<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p id=\"3218\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=tyXwki8cBlg&amp;ab_channel=ProtocolLabs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">video<\/a>\u00a0is a good primer on the structure and approach of the working group and one can follow progress\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.retrieval.market\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"0687\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><em class=\"oy\">Note: Given latency requirements, retrievals happen off-chain, but the settlement for payment for the services can happen on-chain.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"fbd9\" class=\"pk mm fr be mn pl pm pn mr po pp pq mv nu pr ps pt ny pu pv pw oc px py pz qa bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><strong class=\"al\">Compute over Data (Off-chain Compute)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p id=\"9429\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Compute over data is the third piece of the open services puzzle. When one thinks of what needs to be done with data, it\u2019s typically not just storage and retrieval \u2014 users also want to be able to transform the data. The goal with these compute over data protocols are generally to perform computation over IPLD.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6097\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">For the unfamiliar, IPLD aims to be the data layer for content-addressed systems. It can be used to describe a filesystem (like UnixFS which IPFS uses), Ethereum data, Git data, \u2014 really anything that is hash linked. This\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Sgf6j_mCdjI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">video<\/a>\u00a0might be a helpful primer.<\/p>\n<p id=\"e366\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The neat thing about IPLD being generic is that it can be an interface for all sorts of data \u2014 and by building computation tools that interact with IPLD, we reduce the complexity for teams building these tools to have their networks be compatible with a wide range of underlying types of data.<\/p>\n<p id=\"0526\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><em class=\"oy\">Note: This should be exciting for any network building on top of IPFS \/ IPLD (e.g. Celestia, Gala Games, Audius, Ceramic, etc)<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"e8ad\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Of course, not all compute is created equal \u2014 and for different use cases, different types of compute will be needed. For some use cases, there might be stricter requirements for verifiability \u2014 and one may want a zk proof along with the result to know the output was correctly calculated. For others, one might want to keep the data entirely private \u2014 and so instead might require fully homomorphic encryption. For others, one may want to just run batch processing like on a traditional cloud (and rely on economic collateral or reputational guarantees for correctness).<\/p>\n<figure class=\"pa pb pc pd pe me lw lx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"mf mg ee mh bg mi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<div class=\"lw lx qc\"><picture><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c lazyload\" role=\"presentation\" data-src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"367\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 700px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 700\/367;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*5J1Ki0nw8fCpKJE54P6Fmg.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"367\" \/><\/noscript><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figcaption class=\"pf pg ph lw lx pi pj be b bf z dw\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Source:\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-d4iJm-RbyA&amp;t=537s&amp;ab_channel=ProtocolLabs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-d4iJm-RbyA&amp;t=537s&amp;ab_channel=ProtocolLabs<\/a><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p id=\"bbe2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">There are a bunch of teams working on different types of compute \u2014 from large scale parallel compute (e.g. Bacalhau), to cryptographically verifiable compute (e.g. Lurk), to everything in between.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2d5f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">One interesting feature of Filecoin is that the storage providers have compute resources (GPUs, CPUs \u2014 as a function of needing to run the proofs) colocated with their data. Critically, this feature sets up the network well to allow compute jobs to be moved\u00a0<em class=\"oy\">to<\/em>\u00a0data \u2014 rather than moving the data to external compute nodes. Given that\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/dgtlinfra.com\/what-is-data-gravity-aws-azure-cloud\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">data has gravity<\/a>, this is a necessary step to set the network up to support use cases for compute over large datasets.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"pa pb pc pd pe me lw lx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"mf mg ee mh bg mi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<div class=\"lw lx qd\"><picture><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c lazyload\" role=\"presentation\" data-src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"498\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 700px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 700\/498;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*7hmERqmEKqFPQSBA-Jn6fA.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"498\" \/><\/noscript><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figcaption class=\"pf pg ph lw lx pi pj be b bf z dw\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Filecoin is set up well to have compute layers be deployed on top as L2s.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p id=\"6923\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">One can follow the compute over data working group\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cod.cloud\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"7cf8\" class=\"pk mm fr be mn pl pm pn mr po pp pq mv nu pr ps pt ny pu pv pw oc px py pz qa bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><strong class=\"al\">FVM (Programmable Applications)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p id=\"1afb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Up until this point, I\u2019ve talked about three services (storage, retrieval, and compute) that are related to the data<em class=\"oy\">\u00a0<\/em>stored on the Filecoin network. These services and their composability can lead to compounding demand for the\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">services<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0of the network \u2014 all of which ultimately anchor into the Filecoin blockchain and generate demand for block space.<\/p>\n<p id=\"e1f4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But how can these services be enhanced?<\/p>\n<p id=\"0edc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Enter the FVM \u2014 Filecoin\u2019s Virtual Machine.<\/p>\n<p id=\"3008\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The FVM will enable computation over Filecoin\u2019s\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">state<\/em><\/strong>. This service is critical \u2014 as it gives the network all the powers of smart contracts from other networks \u2014 but with the unique ability to interact with and trigger the open services mentioned above.<\/p>\n<p id=\"aae9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">With the FVM, one can build bespoke incentive systems to make more sophisticated offerings on the network:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"4e44\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/duckie_han\/status\/1570899707274362880?s=20&amp;t=GEd2wmHS52bHzUjIydc0Dg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">DataDAOs<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"9ef3\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ahV7mZq83SI&amp;t=697s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Retrievability Oracles<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"09ce\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/jnthnvctr\/status\/1545401176392437762\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Perpetual storage contracts<\/a>\u00a0\/ storage endowments<\/li>\n<li id=\"169e\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Repair bounties<\/li>\n<li id=\"6d62\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Undercollateralized lending markets for storage providers<\/li>\n<li id=\"bf74\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">ETL pipelines<\/li>\n<li id=\"ff67\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u2026 and so much more<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"33db\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Filecoin\u2019s virtual machine is a WebAssembly (WASM) VM designed like a hypervisor. The vision with the FVM is to support many foreign runtimes, starting with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). This interoperability means Filecoin will support multiple VMs \u2014 on the same network contracts designed for the EVM, MoveVM, and more can be deployed.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5360\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">By allowing for many VMs, Filecoin developers can deploy hardened contracts from other ecosystems to build up the on-chain infrastructure in the Filecoin economy, while also making it easier for other ecosystems to natively bridge into the services on the Filecoin network. Multiple VM support also allows for more native interactions between the Filecoin economy and other L1 economies.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"pa pb pc pd pe me lw lx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"mf mg ee mh bg mi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<div class=\"lw lx qe\"><picture><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c lazyload\" role=\"presentation\" data-src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"720\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 700px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 700\/720;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*2zTsNaeqJvSmK0dZhgISaQ.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"720\" \/><\/noscript><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figcaption class=\"pf pg ph lw lx pi pj be b bf z dw\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Note the ipld-wasm module \u2014 the generalized version of this will be the IPVM work (which could be backported here). Source:\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/fvm.filecoin.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https:\/\/fvm.filecoin.io<\/a><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p id=\"c818\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The FVM is critical as it provides the expressiveness for people to deploy and trigger custom data services from the Filecoin network (storage, retrieval, and compute). This feature allows for more sophisticated offerings to be built on Filecoin\u2019s base primitives, and expand the surface area for broader adoption.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4c29\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><em class=\"oy\">Note: For a flavor of what might be possible, this\u00a0<\/em><a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/jnthnvctr\/status\/1545401176392437762\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"><em class=\"oy\">tweet thread<\/em><\/a><em class=\"oy\">\u00a0might help elucidate how one might use smart contracts and the base primitives of Filecoin to build more sophisticated offerings.<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"7504\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Most importantly, the FVM also sets the stage for the last major pillar to be covered in this post: interplanetary consensus.<\/p>\n<p id=\"f14c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">One can follow progress on the FVM\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/filecoin-project\/ref-fvm\/issues\/692\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">here<\/a>, and find more details on the FVM\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/fvm.filecoin.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1ae7\" class=\"pk mm fr be mn pl pm pn mr po pp pq mv nu pr ps pt ny pu pv pw oc px py pz qa bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><strong class=\"al\">Interplanetary Consensus (Scaling)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p id=\"8273\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Before diving into what interplanetary consensus is, it\u2019s worth restating what Filecoin is aiming to build: open services for data (storage, retrieval, compute) as credible alternatives to the centralized cloud.<\/p>\n<p id=\"7cce\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">To do this, the Filecoin network needs to operate at a scale orders of magnitude above what blockchains are currently delivering:<\/p>\n<figure class=\"pa pb pc pd pe me lw lx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"lw lx qf\"><picture><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1328\/format:webp\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 1328w\" type=\"image\/webp\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 664px\" \/><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1328\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png 1328w\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 664px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c lazyload\" role=\"presentation\" data-src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:664\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"664\" height=\"360\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 664px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 664\/360;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:664\/1*gYqj9kj3cEHRrom3DPnIAQ.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"664\" height=\"360\" \/><\/noscript><\/picture><\/div>\n<figcaption class=\"pf pg ph lw lx pi pj be b bf z dw\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Product requirements for the Filecoin network.<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p id=\"19c4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Looking at the above requirements, it may seem contradictory for one chain to target all of these properties. And it is! Rather than trying to force all these properties at the base layer, Filecoin is aiming to deliver these properties\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">across the network<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"40dd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">With interplanetary consensus, the network allows for\u00a0<strong class=\"nl fs\"><em class=\"oy\">recursive<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0subnets to be created on the fly. This framework allows each subnet to tune its own trade off between security and scalability (and recursively spin up subnets of its own) \u2014 while still checkpointing information to their respective parent subnets.<\/p>\n<p id=\"a9a1\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This setup means that while Filecoin\u2019s base layer can be highly secure (allowing many folks to verify at home on commodity hardware) \u2014 Filecoin can have subnets that are natively connected that can make different trade offs, allowing for more use cases to be unlocked.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"pa pb pc pd pe me lw lx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"mf mg ee mh bg mi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<div class=\"lw lx qg\"><picture><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source data-srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png 1400w\" data-sizes=\"(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c lazyload\" role=\"presentation\" data-src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"320\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 700px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 700\/320;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"bg mj mk c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:700\/1*bV3g1xtsplV0oaeN29cYGA.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"320\" \/><\/noscript><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figcaption class=\"pf pg ph lw lx pi pj be b bf z dw\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In this diagram, the root would be the Filecoin base layer. Source:\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/research.protocol.ai\/blog\/2022\/scaling-blockchains-with-hierarchical-consensus\/#:~:text=Hierarchical%20consensus%20is%20a%20framework,other%20subnet%20in%20the%20hierarchy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">https:\/\/research.protocol.ai\/blog\/2022\/scaling-blockchains-with-hierarchical-consensus\/<\/a><\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p id=\"e7c6\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">A few interesting properties based on how interplanetary consensus is being designed:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"be2f\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Each subnet can spin up their own subnets (enabling recursive subnets)<\/li>\n<li id=\"41d5\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Native messaging up, down, and across the tree \u2014 meaning any of these subnets can communicate with each other<\/li>\n<li id=\"588b\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Tunable tradeoffs between security and scalability (each subnet can choose their own consensus model and can choose to maintain their own state tree).<\/li>\n<li id=\"ca48\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Firewall-esque security guarantees from children to parents (think of each subnet as being like a limited liability chain up to the tokens injected from the perspective of the parent chain).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"b5d6\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">To double click on some of the things interplanetary consensus sets Filecoin up for:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"\">\n<li id=\"90e9\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu oj nw nx ny ok oa ob oc ol oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Because subnets can have different consensus mechanisms, interplanetary consensus opens the door for subnets that allow for native communication with other ecosystems (e.g. a Tendermint subnet for Cosmos).<\/li>\n<li id=\"dc7d\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Enabling subnets to tune between scalability and security (and enabling communications to subnets that make different trade offs) means Filecoin can have different regions of the network with different properties. Performant subnets can get hyper fast local consensus (to enable things like chat apps) \u2014 while allowing for results to checkpoint into the highly secure (and verifiable and slow) Filecoin base layer.<\/li>\n<li id=\"c381\" class=\"nj nk fr nl b nm op no np nq oq ns nt nu or nw nx ny os oa ob oc ot oe of og om on oo bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In a very high throughput subnet (a single data center, running a few nodes) \u2014 the FVM\/<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FhwzEKNZEIA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">IPVM<\/a>\u00a0work could be used to simply task schedule and execute computation directly \u201con-chain\u201d \u2014 with native messaging and payment bubbling back up to more secure base layers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"cf57\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Learn more by reading this\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/research.protocol.ai\/blog\/2022\/scaling-blockchains-with-hierarchical-consensus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">blogpost<\/a>\u00a0and following the progress of\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/research.protocol.ai\/groups\/consensuslab\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">ConsensusLab<\/a>. This Github\u00a0<a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/protocol\/ConsensusLab\/discussions\/156\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">discussion<\/a>\u00a0may also be useful to contextualize IPC vs L2s.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"4be4\" class=\"ml mm fr be mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Final Thoughts<\/h1>\n<p id=\"2f27\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">So, after reading all the above, hopefully clearer what Filecoin is \u2014 and how it\u2019s not exactly like any other protocol out there. Filecoin\u2019s ambition is not just to be a storage network (as Tesla\u2019s ambition was not to just ship the Roadster) \u2014 the goal is to facilitate a fully decentralized web powered by open services.<\/p>\n<p id=\"c092\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Compared to most other web3 infra plays, Filecoin is aiming to be substantially more than a single service. Compared to most L1s, Filecoin is targeting a set of use cases that are uniquely enabled through the architecture of the network. Excitingly, this means rather than competing for the same use cases, Filecoin can uniquely expand the pie for what can actually be done on crypto rails.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2f1e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph nj nk fr nl b nm oh no np nq oi ns nt nu ou nw nx ny ov oa ob oc ow oe of og fk bj\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><em class=\"oy\">Disclaimer: Personal views, not reflective of my employer nor should be treated as \u201cofficial\u201d. This is my distillation of what Filecoin is and what makes it different based on my time in the ecosystem. Thanks to @<\/em><a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.twitter.com\/duckie_han\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"><em class=\"oy\">duckie_han<\/em><\/a><em class=\"oy\">\u00a0and @<\/em><a class=\"af ox\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/yoitsyoung\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\"><em class=\"oy\">yoitsyoung<\/em><\/a><em class=\"oy\">\u00a0for helping shape this.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=Mzg4MTExNjkyOQ==&amp;mid=2247486326&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=3598f9d3ac8d0b6d9f97ed2b8f2c0dc6&amp;chksm=cf6b9918f81c100ec430941fd67a061a86bcf81ad76af0317a7536b6f01d9e67ad9e0fcd2037&amp;token=2057143164&amp;lang=zh_CN#rd\">\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf3Filecoin\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u603b\u7ed3<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Filecoin is enabling open services for data, built on top of the IPFS protocol.<\/p>\n<p>IPFS allows data to be uncoupled from specific servers \u2014reducing the siloing of data to specific machines.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":1107,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,1],"tags":[41,13,34,35],"class_list":["post-1082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","category-blog","tag-analysis","tag-filecoin","tag-state","tag-summary"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.1 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>State and Direction of Filecoin, Summarized. - Filecoin: Too Long Didnt Read (TL;DR)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Filecoin is enabling open services for data, built on top of the IPFS protocol.IPFS allows data to be uncoupled from specific servers 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